Seismic Retrofit & Structural Strengthening

RACAIA provides services for the seismic evaluation and retrofit of existing buildings, with particular depth in historic, landmark, and continuously occupied civic facilities. Our work typically begins where the owner begins — with a compliance order in hand and no clear path forward — and carries through evaluation, development of a retrofit scheme, cost validation, permitting with the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ), and construction administration. We lead multidisciplinary teams that pair ASCE 41-23 structural evaluation with historic preservation, MEP, and cost-estimating expertise, so that the retrofit an owner ultimately builds satisfies the ordinance at the lowest feasible cost and with the least operational disruption.

Mandatory seismic ordinances now govern thousands of buildings across Southern California, including non-ductile concrete and wood-frame soft-story structures. Los Angeles Ordinance #183893 (Article 1, Division 95, Mandatory Earthquake Hazard Reduction in Existing Non-Ductile Concrete Buildings) applies to reinforced concrete buildings permitted before January 13, 1977, and establishes a defined compliance sequence following receipt of an Order: three years to submit proof of compliance, retrofit plans, or demolition plans; ten years to obtain a permit; and twenty-five years to complete construction. Los Angeles County has adopted parallel requirements under LACBC Chapter 97 for certain existing high-rise concrete buildings, and Santa Monica, Beverly Hills, West Hollywood, and Torrance administer their own ordinances with separate thresholds and deadlines.

Where a building is a designated historic resource — or is eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places, the California Register, or a local register — retrofit design must additionally satisfy the California Historical Building Code (CHBC) and the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Rehabilitation of Historic Properties. Very few teams are structured to resolve both obligations in a single coordinated design effort. RACAIA is, and that combination is where we do our most valuable work: developing fixed-base retrofit alternatives that meet the required performance objective while protecting the character-defining features that make the building worth saving.


What We Offer

Seismic Ordinance Compliance

  • Non-ductile concrete (NDC) ordinance compliance — LADBS Ordinance #183893, Division 95
  • LACBC Chapter 97 compliance for existing high-rise concrete buildings
  • Wood-frame soft-story retrofit ordinance compliance
  • Unreinforced masonry (URM) and tilt-up concrete wall building retrofit
  • Order to Comply response strategy and compliance timeline management
  • NDC checklist preparation and submittal coordination
  • Coordination with the LADBS Non-Ductile Concrete Retrofit Unit and other AHJs
  • Multi-jurisdiction ordinance applicability review for portfolio owners

Seismic Evaluation & Analysis

  • ASCE 41-23 Tier 1 screening, Tier 2 deficiency-based evaluation, and Tier 3 systematic evaluation
  • Linear Static (LSP), Linear Dynamic (LDP), Nonlinear Static (NSP), and Nonlinear Dynamic (NDP) procedures
  • Basic Performance Objective for Existing Buildings (BPOE) and Basic Performance Objective Equivalent to New Building Standards (BPON)
  • Enhanced performance objectives, including Immediate Occupancy and operational continuity
  • Risk-reduction performance objectives for minimum ordinance compliance
  • Identification of structural deficiencies: torsional irregularity, diaphragm and collector deficiencies, adjacent-building pounding, shear and flexural overstress, embedded column splice limitations, and incomplete load paths
  • Site-specific seismic hazard, ground motion, and geotechnical parameter coordination
  • Material Testing and Condition Assessment Program (MTCAP) scoping and execution per ASCE 41
  • Non-destructive investigation and concrete scanning coordination

Retrofit Design & Documentation

  • Retrofit feasibility studies and alternatives analysis
  • Multiple retrofit schemes developed at differing performance levels for cost-versus-performance decision-making
  • Fixed-base retrofit alternatives to base isolation
  • New concrete structural walls, shotcrete strengthening, and fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) strengthening of existing elements
  • Collector, diaphragm, and load path improvements; new foundation systems
  • Conceptual and schematic strengthening drawings with color-coded plan diagrams
  • Schematic Design, Design Development, and Construction Documents through plan check submittal
  • Rough Order of Magnitude (ROM) and milestone cost estimating coordination
  • Construction phasing and sequencing analysis satisfying CEBC "do no harm" requirements
  • Construction Manager at Risk (CMAR) coordination, constructability review, and bid support
  • Agency review, plan check comment response, and permit close-out
  • Construction Administration, construction observation, and RFI response


Historic & Landmark Buildings

  • California Historical Building Code (CHBC) alternative compliance strategies
  • Design in accordance with the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation
  • Secretary of the Interior's Standards Compliance Reports supporting CEQA Class 31 categorical exemption
  • Historic Resource Assessment and Historic Resources Evaluation coordination
  • Mitigation of retrofit impacts to historic façades, lobbies, podiums, and character-defining features
  • Coordination with SHPO, local landmark commissions, and preservation stakeholders

Non-Structural & Occupancy Impacts

  • Evaluation of retrofit impacts to architectural, MEP, and accessibility elements
  • ADA and accessibility upgrade scoping triggered by retrofit work
  • MEP rerouting, relocation, and temporary systems strategies
  • Phasing and occupancy studies for buildings remaining in operation during construction
  • Tenant relocation, swing space, and move management feasibility analysis

developing fixed-base retrofit alternatives that meet the required performance objective while protecting the character-defining features that make the building worth saving